A gentlemen’s agreement is an informal agreement, made orally, that is backed up by the integrity of both parties. In May 1905, sixty-seven organizations met in San Francisco to form the Asiatic Exclusion League (Japanese Exclusion League). The anti-Japanese members targeted schools and pressured school boards to make Oriental schools. This segregation angered Japan and concerned President Theodore Roosevelt. Since Japan had defeated Russia in the Russo-Japanese War, Roosevelt was determined to keep positive diplomatic relations with Japan and started to negotiate. In February 1907, to stop school segregation, the two countries entered the Gentlemen’s Agreement, in which Japan agreed to not issue any more work visas in exchange for the United States to desegregate schools.
Lucas, Greg. “Segregation of Japanese School Kids in San Francisco Sparks an International Incident.” Cal@170 by the California State Library, December 22, 2020. https://cal170.library.ca.gov/japanese-segregation/.
1. How did the Expatriation Act of 1907 affect the immigration population?
2. How did the 19th Amendment impact the Cable Act of 1922?
3. Why did James yell at Blanche?
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The Expatriation Act was passed in March of 1907. The purpose of this act was to maintain marriage between citizens of the United States. U.S. women who married non-citizens were no longer Americans, but if their husbands had dual citizenship, they could go through a process to regain citizenship. Regaining citizenship was not guaranteed. American men who married foreign women could keep their citizenship, and their spouses and children would be granted citizenship. This act correlates with eugenics for many reasons. Eugenics is when the government controls the population based on what their ideal society looks like. The government treated American women married to Asian men harshly, making it harder for them to regain citizenship. The government dictated women’s lives because they reproduce. If they continued to marry foreigners, the bloodline became “dirty” and created an unideal population.
ColumbiaLearn. “Mooc WHAW1.1x | 9.2.1 Women’s Citizenship Extended and Redefined.” YouTube, March 24, 2017. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wDWKrU3TxbA&t=6s.
In 1922, suffragists protested for their rights to maintain citizenship and Congress passed the Cable Act. In contrast to the Expatriation Act of 1907, the Cable Act allowed women to retain their American citizenship, establishing independent citizenship from their spouse. However, this act did not grant citizenship back to these women right away. They had to pass a citizenship test and pledge loyalty to the States. 
Sadlier, Sarah A. “‘that’s Leaving It Pretty Much up to Jane’: Gendered Citizenship, Explicit Feminism, and Implicit Racism in the 1922 Cable Act.” Institutional Repository Home, January 1, 1970. https://ir.vanderbilt.edu/handle/1803/8361.