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Psychology: Article Types

Tips and tricks for psychology research

Not Everything in a Journal is an Article!

While journals and the library's databases do contain empirical and review articles, they also contain some other items that are NOT empirical and review articles. You will come across these while searching the library's databases.

Unless otherwise specified by your professor, do not use the following:

  • Book Reviews
  • Commentaries
  • Conference Proceedings
  • Dissertation Abstracts
  • Editorials
  • Letters to the Editor
  • Master's Theses
  • News

When in doubt about whether a source is acceptable, be sure to ask your professor!

Finding Empirical Articles

You can search for empirical articles in the Library's databases, such as APA PsycINFO.

Note that the Library's databases have more than just empirical articles! To help with searching, APA PsycInfo has a limiter for Methodology, which you can use to select "Empirical Study." This limiter is located at the bottom of the search page, under Limit Your Results.

In Library databases without a methodology limit, try adding the search term empirical. If you are not having luck, try adding a search term that refers to an empirical study. For example, qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods.

Remember that you must make the final determination if an article is empirical or not. If you have questions, please check with your professor.

Overview: Empirical Articles

Video Transcript (Word Document): "What's an Empirical Article"

Video Credit: Georgia State University Library

What are Review Articles?

As mentioned in the video above, there are two types of scholarly articles -- empirical and review.

Articles that either interpret or analyze original research studies/articles are considered review articles. literature review (the entire article is a review of the literature), systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-synthesis are examples of review articles. 

  • If an article is a review article, it is likely [but not always] to have the word "review" in the title.
  • If there is one, look at the methods section of an article to make a determination if an article is empirical or review.
    • The main indicator of a review article is if authors are just interpreting, analyzing, and/or comparing the results of empirical articles. So, in comparison to an empirical article, the authors of a review article do not describe an experiment, survey, or other original research they conducted.​
    • In a review article, the methods section will usually discuss information relevant to searching for articles, such as the names of databases searched, keywords/search terms used, etc.
    • Review articles can be helpful if you are trying to learn about a topic or find other literature. Look at the references to find citations to other articles that may be useful.

Need Help?

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John Siegel
Coord. of Library Instructional Services
Contact:
864-503-5639
jsiegel2@uscupstate.edu
Office: Library 117D
Main Library: 864-503-5620